Magnesium Pidolate – A Key Player in Pharmaceutical Sector
Magnesium pidolate, a compound where magnesium is chelated with pidolic acid (also known as pyroglutamic acid), has garnered attention in the pharmaceutical sector for its significant benefits.
Unlike other magnesium salts, it’s unique chemical structure allows for enhanced bioavailability and physiological activity, making it a preferred choice in various therapeutic applications.
This blog delves into the science behind magnesium pidolate and its beneficial role in the pharmaceutical industry, supported by credible sources.1 2 3
Understanding Magnesium Pidolate
It comprises magnesium, an essential mineral vital for numerous bodily functions, and pidolic acid, a natural amino acid derivative. This combination is not just a matter of pairing; it’s the result of a strategic chelation that optimizes the bioavailability of magnesium, allowing for more effective absorption and utilization by the body1.
Chemical Composition:
It is a mineral supplement formed by combining magnesium with pidolic acid (also known as pyroglutamic acid). The chemical formula of this API is Mg(C5H7NO3)2, indicating that one magnesium atom is bound to two pidolic acid molecules:
- Magnesium (Mg): This is the mineral component that provides the health benefits associated with its supplements.
- Pidolic Acid (C5H7NO3): This is a small organic molecule derived from the amino acid glutamate. It helps the magnesium to be absorbed more readily by the body.
The Bioavailability Edge
One of the standout features of magnesium pidolate is its superior bioavailability compared to other magnesium compounds. Bioavailability refers to the proportion of a nutrient digested, absorbed, and made available for the body. It’s high bioavailability means that it can be more efficiently utilized by the body, enhancing its therapeutic effects 2.
| Supplement | Bioavailability Range | Notes |
| Magnesium Pidolate | 40-60% | Considered high bioavailability due to chelation with picolinic acid. May be easier on digestion than some forms. |
| Magnesium Glycinate | 40-50% | Well-absorbed and gentle on the stomach. |
| Magnesium Citrate | 20-40% | Moderate bioavailability. Known for laxative effects. |
| Magnesium Malate | 20-40% | Moderate bioavailability. May offer additional benefits for muscle function and energy production. |
| Magnesium Oxide | 4-10% | Lowest bioavailability. Often used as an antacid, not ideal for long-term supplementation. |
| Magnesium Sulfate (Epsom Salts) | Negligible | Not recommended for oral consumption due to laxative effects. Absorbed through skin during baths. |
Uses of Magnesium Pidolate in Pharmaceutical industry
Supports Mental Health
When it comes to magnesium pidolate benefits, this compound is particularly effective in enhancing magnesium absorption, crucial for maintaining muscle and nerve function, regulating heart rhythm, and supporting overall bone health.
Research has highlighted the potential of this in supporting mental health, particularly in enhancing cognitive function and combating stress and anxiety. Magnesium plays a critical role in brain function, and its adequate levels are associated with improved mood and cognitive abilities 3.
Promotes Heart Health
It’s benefits extend to cardiovascular health. It aids in regulating blood pressure, maintaining heart rhythm, and preventing arterial calcifications. These properties make it an invaluable component in treatments aimed at reducing cardiovascular disease risks1. Magnesium pidolate ampoules are used in intravenous or intramuscular injections to quickly elevate magnesium levels in patients with severe deficiencies or specific medical conditions.
Enhances Sports Performance
For athletes and physically active individuals, it can improve sports performance and recovery. By supporting muscle function and energy production, it helps in reducing fatigue and accelerating recovery times after intense physical activities 2.
Improves Skin Health
In dermatology, it has found its use in improving skin health. Its role in cellular regeneration and its anti-inflammatory properties contribute to treating skin conditions and enhancing overall skin appearance 3.
A Closer Look at the Research
Emerging studies provide a scientific foundation for it’s benefits. For instance, research published in PubMed elucidates its role in enhancing cognitive functions and managing anxiety disorders. Such studies underscore the compound’s potential in addressing a wide range of health issues 3.
Safety and Dosage
While magnesium pidolate offers numerous health benefits, it’s essential to adhere to recommended dosages to avoid adverse effects. Consulting healthcare professionals to determine the appropriate dosage based on individual health needs and conditions is crucial 2.
Future Scope of Magnesium Pidolate
Magnesium Pidolate and Headache: A Scope for the Future
Literature evidence suggests that magnesium deficiency increases the risk of headache. As shown in several clinical studies and reported in various national and international guidelines, the treatment of magnesium deficiency can reduce the frequency of headaches.
Magnesium Pidolate has high bioavailability and good intracellular penetration, and it might reverse the magnesium deficiency responsible for headaches, even after a short administration period. Tissue culture studies indicate that magnesium Pidolate might be slightly more effective than other magnesium salts in crossing the blood-brain-barrier.7
Clinical studies showing efficacy and safety of it in treating headache symptoms:
| Type of Study | Author/Year | Magnesium Salt | Efficacy Outcome |
| Multi-arm | Aloisi, 1997 | Magnesium Pidolate | 20 days treatment sufficiently normalizes serum Magnesium levels in 90% of migraine patients.8 |
| Open label trial | Grazzi, 2007 | Magnesium Pidolate | Headache days decreased by 69.9%.9 |
Figure: Graphical abstract of Blood-Brain-Barrier Cross by Magnesium Pidolate
Conclusion
Magnesium pidolate stands out in the pharmaceutical sector for its enhanced bioavailability and broad spectrum of health benefits. From supporting mental and heart health to improving skin conditions and sports performance, it offers a versatile solution to many health challenges. As research continues to unfold, the potential applications of magnesium pidolate in the pharmaceutical sector seem boundless. Its role in advancing healthcare and improving quality of life is undeniable, making it a subject of interest for further scientific exploration.
References
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Wikipedia contributors. (2023). Magnesium pidolate. In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnesium_pidolate
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National Center for Biotechnology Information. (2023). PubChem Compound Summary for CID 11954316, Magnesium pidolate. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Magnesium-pidolate
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PubMed Central. (2020). Effects of Magnesium Supplementation on Blood Parameters of Athletes at Rest and after Exercise. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32878232/
- Benassi L, Barletta FP, Baroncini L, Bertani D, Filippini F, Beski L, Nani A, Tesauri P, Tridenti G. (1992). Effectiveness of magnesium pidolate in the prophylactic treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology, 19(3):176-179. PMID: 1451282. https://europepmc.org/article/med/1451282
- https://europepmc.org/article/MED/27000311#free-full-text
- Siener, R., Jahnen, A., & Hesse, A. (2011). Bioavailability of magnesium from different pharmaceutical formulations. Urological research, 39, 123-127. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20862466/
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Maier, J. A., Pickering, G., Giacomoni, E., Cazzaniga, A., & Pellegrino, P. (2020). Headaches and magnesium: Mechanisms, bioavailability, therapeutic efficacy and potential advantage of magnesium pidolate. Nutrients, 12(9), 2660. https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/9/2660.
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Aloisi, P., Marrelli, A., Porto, C., Tozzi, E., & Cerone, G. (1997). Visual evoked potentials and serum magnesium levels in juvenile migraine patients. Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain, 37(6), 383-385. https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/48814091/j.1526-4610.1997.3706383.x20160913-3671-25cmd0-libre.pdf?1473815945=&response-content-disposition=inline%3B+filename%3DVisual_Evoked_Potentials_and_Serum_Magne.pdf&Expires=1711974958&Signature=hBijZit0ifmlKWe3kXJJhfUobRpWB9QrCvjEfjhbc8zBz25igjtjwSp-3o6vKFx5T1m5YJz–ErQh6TDGyiuWOxgyKu8M4xGbTA~F-Tu9IrTdk~jHIeKPLUCFRmyE6c0GKeEcSnHAFcgHHc29j-5yXBKYTeYbgtHAlji1AUyVzqF0ozTpFKTzmLlervdGFqjBDl3rqhWDftsKivth02SWoiCB7Wv4XOdXfbhCD8~2PxKzGBw6NU9TeY8uNaV98IZO8LxsRhk0vPjt6BgJe6IvFI0AHG8SnlX03YATtxoC6jjSUK18QR6v4iGeL2CvPwKZWzhEtJj2jkOMmgI0AGwlw__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA
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Grazzi, L., Andrasik, F., Usai, S., & Bussone, G. (2007). Magnesium as a preventive treatment for paediatric episodic tension-type headache: results at 1-year follow-up. Neurological Sciences, 28, 148-150. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10072-007-0808-y
Magnesium pidolate, also known as magnesium pidolat, is a complex compound where magnesium is bonded with pidolic acid (also known as pyroglutamic acid). This formulation is used primarily as a magnesium supplement. High levels of pyroglutamic acid, also known as pyroglutamate, can be significant in health.
Magnesium pidolate is not typically characterized by a “hardness” in the way minerals are assessed in geology.
Magnesium pidolate, like other forms of magnesium supplements (Magnesium Orotate, Magensium Gluconate, Magnesium Bisglycinate, Magnesium Acetate and more), is generally considered safe for most people when taken in appropriate doses. However, it can cause side effects like gastrointestinal issues, laxative effect, electrolyte imbalance, kidney problems and so on.
Magnesium pidolate on pregnancy can be beneficial for its enhanced absorption, supporting maternal and fetal health. However, it should be used under medical supervision to ensure safety and proper dosage.